Volume: 5 Issue: 2

The purpose of the Turkish Journal of War Studies is to contribute to the Turkish and world academic literature in war studies, military history and the academic disciplines associated with them.

The main scope of the journal is Turkish history and geography of Turkey. However, it accepts articles related to geography and history of different countries, provided that it is original.

Writing Rules

PREPARATION OF ARTICLES
- Academic studies written in Turkish and English are accepted for publication in the Turkish Journal of War Studies. Translated pieces determined or chosen by the editors or editorial board can also be published. In addition, articles such as 1.500-3.500 words of work criticism, book introductions or meeting / gallery / exhibition / festival evaluations, interviews can be included. Articles should be between 3.500 and 8.500 words, including references. Explanatory notes should be numbered in the text and placed as footnotes under the relevant page.
- Each study should include 150-200 words of Turkish and English Abstract (with a minimum of three and a maximum of five keywords). The paper should be saved in a Word file (with a .doc or .docx extension) by taking the bearing format in the "submit article" tab on the Turkish Journal of War Studies DergiPark page, and the texts should be written in Tahoma font, 1.5 line spacing and 11 font size, and 10 points and footnotes. It should be written with 1 line spacing.
- Writers; Before submitting their work with a request for evaluation, it must adapt it to certain formal and bibliographic rules. For this, the article format on the "submit article" tab on the Turkish Journal of War Studies DergiPark page should be used; the article submission and publication rules, which are also on the same tab and determined by the editorial board, should be followed. In case of an opposite situation as a result of the preliminary examination by the editor, the work is returned to the authors. In this case, the authors are required to make the necessary corrections in line with the findings made by the editor, and to send the works again. The works of the authors who do not make the requested corrections within the specified period are rejected.
- It is recommended that the authors prepare their academic studies in accordance with ethical rules and send them through similarity (plagiarism analysis) programs before sending them to our journal.
- Since the Turkish Journal of War Studies is an academic journal in which the candidate articles are evaluated with the blind referee system, there should be no element in the submitted texts that will identify the author's name, surname and identity.
- The authors of the works whose referee process is completed are required to fill in, sign, scan and upload the relevant documents indicating that their work is published in our journal. The works approved by the Editorial Board are copyrighted by the Turkish Journal of War Studies (TJWS); it cannot be published elsewhere. Copyright fee is not paid to the authors.
REFERENCING RULES
- The Turkish Journal of War Studies has adopted the Chicago Manual Style Notes-Bibliography method as a Citation and Resource System.
- Below you can find examples of footnotes and bibliographies prepared according to Chicago Manual Style Notes-Bibliography method. For other examples, please visit https://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide/citation-guide-1.html

CORRESPONDENCE

Emrah ÖZDEMİR

Turkish National Defense University, Military Academy, IR Department

E-mail: eozdemir@gmail.com
Web: http://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/tws

Ethical Principles and Publication Policy

GENERAL PRINCIPLES

The principles set out here are based on the Code of Conduct prepared by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). The original text can be accessed via the link:

The editor of the Turkish Journal of War Studies is responsible for the trouble-free publication of each published text, or for rejecting and returning it to the author, and can decide whether to send a text to the reviewer or reject it without a referee. The editor can consult with the editorial board and members of the advisory board in decisions about the publishing process.

Editors and referees take into account the texts sent to the journal for publication according to academic values and criteria and accept or reject them. In this process, each text is handled impartially, and the texts are evaluated by academic criteria regardless of their authors' race, religion, language, ethnicity, gender, political or any other opinion, property, seniority, title, institutional relations, or any other distinction. In situations that may involve conflicts of interest, the author, reviewer, editor are responsible to each other. In the articles sent to the journal, if one of the components included in the publishing process (author, reviewer, or editor) is in an interest competition that may adversely affect the publishing process (article submission, evaluation, editorial decisions; communication between the author, reviewer, and editors) conflict must be specified.

The journal does not give any guarantee and accept no responsibility for the features and descriptions of commercial products in the article published in the journal for the purpose of advertising. If there is a direct or indirect commercial link or financial support institution for the study, the authors must declare this link and report that there is no trade relationship between them.

The editorial board and advisory board members do not know about the author's identity, except for the editors and editors. These people do not inform third parties about the articles. However, if deemed necessary, information may be provided to the editorial board members by the editor.

The journal is protected in terms of intellectual property rights. The readers of the journal can share the journal material provided that it gives reference; can copy, redistribute in any medium and format. However, Turkish Journal of War Studies materials may not be used for commercial purposes or be subject to legal or technological measures that limit the right of other rights holders to the right to save under the license permitted.

If the article contains previously published citations, articles, tables, pictures, etc., the author of the article must obtain written permission from the owner and the author of the publication and indicate it in the article. The author (s) is responsible for whether the necessary permissions have been obtained.
The compliance of the articles with scientific and ethical rules is the responsibility of the authors.

REVIEWER EVALUATION PROCESS

Turkish Journal of War Studies uses the “double-blind review” method in which the writer and reviewer identities are hidden (the author and the reviewer do not see and know each other's name) in the evaluation process of all articles that are taken into the reviewer evaluation. The peer-review process is conducted under the system of Dergi Park.

The editor clearly states that the articles sent to the reviewers for review are the property of the authors and that this is a privileged communication. Reviewers and editorial board members cannot discuss articles publicly. Reviewers may not make copies of the articles for personal use and cannot give them to someone else without the editor's permission. The reviews of the reviewers cannot be printed and explained without the permission of the author and editor. Care must be taken to keep the identity of the reviewers confidential. In some cases, with the decision of the editor, the comments of the relevant referees can be sent to other referees who have commented on the same article, and the reviewers can be enlightened in this process.

Each article submitted is firstly evaluated by the editor (s). At this stage, the works that do not fall within the scope of the journal, are not considered sufficient in terms of language and expression rules in Turkish and English, contain scientifically critical information errors, have no original value and do not meet the publication policies of the journal are rejected by the editor. Rejected manuscripts (with minor changes or just by changing the name) cannot be sent to the Turkish Journal of War Studies again. The editor may make suggestions to the author and ask for correction before sending an article to the referee. Appropriate studies are sent to two reviewers who are experts in their fields for evaluation. Reviewers make their evaluations on the form sent to them via DergiPark. Articles that receive a negative evaluation from one of the two reiewers are sent to a third reviewer. The article that receives positive approval from 2 of the 3 referees is published. In the case of negative, the article is deemed rejected and removed from the publishing process. The referees must evaluate the articles sent to them within 15 days. Referees can decide the suitability of a study by examining its corrections or may request corrections more than once if necessary. When sending articles to reviewers, their expertise and interests are taken into consideration, therefore the title of the author of the article and the hierarchy created by this title is not important in terms of journal publication policy.

Turkish Journal of War Studies is aware of the responsibility of all articles submitted to the journal in accordance with the international ethical rules for ensuring an independent and impartial completion of the publication process. If there are any conflicts of interest between the author or the referees regarding the application or evaluation of an article, this should be reported to the editor.

Plagiarism control is done through the software for the articles that are sent to the journal. The matches and citations that are correct for sending and citing are extracted by examining the in-depth matches of each study. After the sorting, the remaining matches are examined, errors are detected and reported for the editorial board. The editorial board makes the final decision about the study in light of the plagiarism audit report of each study. The errors in the report may be requested to be corrected by the authors or the work can be returned to the authors.

OPEN ACCESS POLICY

Turkish Journal of War Studies has adopted the policy of providing open access with the publication. Accordingly, it does not pursue any pricing policy for article submission, evaluation, publishing, and access processes, and provides all these services free of charge.

■ The open-access statement on site is in line with the Budapest Open Access Initiative definition.

ETHICAL RULES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

The Turkish Journal of War Studies is committed to performing ethical duties and responsibilities on the basis of the Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Directive of Higher Education Institutions as well as the Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors and COPE Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors, published by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). It expects writers and reviewers to act in this framework.

ETHICAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE AUTHORS

The author (s) who submit the study to the Turkish Journal of War Studies are expected to comply with the following ethical responsibilities:
■ The works submitted by the author (s) are expected to be original. If the author (s) benefit from other studies or use other studies, they must cite and/or cite completely and accurately.
■ Those who do not contribute to the content intellectually in the creation of the study should not be specified as a writer.
■ The situations and relationships that may create a conflict of interest, if any, should be explained.
■ The raw data about the articles can be requested from the author (s) within the framework of the evaluation processes, in such a case the author (s) must be ready to present the expected data and information to the editorial board and the scientific board.
■ The author (s) have the right to use the data used, the necessary permissions regarding research/analysis, or they are responsible for ensuring the protection of human and animal rights in their work. Ethics committee approval for subjects used in the studies is deemed to have accepted that the study may be rejected in cases where there are no permissions for experimental research.
■ In the event that the author (s) notices a mistake or error regarding the published, early view or evaluation phase, there is an obligation to inform the editor of the journal or the publisher, to cooperate with the editor in the correction or withdrawal.
■ Authors cannot keep their works in the process of application of more than one journal at the same time. Each application can be started following the completion of the previous application. The work published in another journal cannot be sent to the Turkish Journal of War Studies.
■ Changing author responsibilities (such as adding authors, changing author order, removing authors) of a study whose evaluation process has started cannot be offered.
■ Studies produced as papers, but not published as well as postgraduate theses in academic events such as meetings, symposiums or congresses are accepted for evaluation provided that they are prepared in accordance with the basic format of scientific research.

ETHICS RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE REVIEWERS

The evaluation process of all the articles that apply to the Turkish Journal of War Studies is carried out by the method of “bilateral blind review”. Reviewers cannot communicate directly with the authors, and reviews and comments are communicated through the journal management system. In this process, the review forms and the referee comments on the full texts are sent to the author (s) through the editor. In this context, the reviewers evaluating the work for the Turkish Journal of War Studies are expected to have the following ethical responsibilities:
■ Only agree to evaluate articles related to his specialty.
■ It should evaluate in impartiality and confidentiality.
■ If he thinks that he faces a conflict of interest during the evaluation process, he should not agree to review the study and inform the journal editor.

■ In accordance with the principle of confidentiality, they must destroy the studies they have examined after the evaluation process. They can only use the final versions of the studies they have studied only after their publication.

■ My physician should perform the assessment objectively only in relation to the content of the study. The referee should not allow nationality, gender, religious beliefs, political beliefs, and commercial concerns to influence the evaluation.

■ The assessment should be done in constructive and gentle language. Insulting personal comments that include hostility, slander and insults should not be made.

■ Reviewers should carry out the work they agreed to evaluate on time and with the above ethical responsibilities.

■ If necessary, they can exchange views with the editor during the evaluation process.

EDITORS 'ETHICAL DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Turkish Journal of War Studies editorial and assistant editors have the following ethical duties on the basis of the guideline “COPE Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors” and “COPE Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors” published by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and have responsibilities:

GENERAL DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE EDITORS

Editors are responsible for every publication published in the Turkish Journal of War Studies. In the context of this responsibility, editors have the following obligations:

■ Should strive to meet the information needs of readers and authors, in this context, the writer is obliged to respond in an informative and descriptive manner by carefully examining complaints from the reviewers or readers.

■ Continuous development of the journal,

■ To carry out the processes to improve the quality of the works published in the journal,

■ Supporting freedom of thought,

■ Ensuring academic integrity,

■ Continuing business processes without compromising intellectual property rights and ethical standards,

■ To show clarity and transparency in terms of publication in issues requiring correction, explanation, informing the editorial board when necessary,

Editors are obliged to apply the "double-blind review" method in the journal's publication policy. In this context, editors ensure that the fair, impartial and timely evaluation process of each work is completed.

EDITOR AND AUTHOR RELATION

Editors should make a positive or negative decision based on the importance of the work, its original value, validity, clarity of the narration, and the goals and objectives of the journal.

■ Unless there is a serious problem for the studies that are suitable for the scope of publication, they should take the pre-evaluation stage.

■ Editors should not ignore the positive reviewer suggestions unless there is a serious problem with the work.

■ New editors should not change the decisions made by the previous editor (s) for the work unless there is a serious problem.

■ Authors should be provided with informative and informative feedback and feedback.

■ The editor is responsible for protecting the individual data of the writers, reviewers and readers.

■ The editor should take into account the persuasive criticism of the works published in the journal and take a constructive attitude towards these criticisms. It should grant the right to reply to the author (s) of the criticized works.

■ The editorial process lasts until the publication of the article, except for the referees' correction suggestions, the editor may request corrections from the authors until the last stage.

EDITOR AND REVIEWER RELATIONSHIP

The duties and responsibilities of the editors towards the reviewers are as follows:

■ Determine the reviewers in accordance with the subject of the study.

■ It is obliged to provide the information and guides that the referees will need during the evaluation phase.

■ Must oversee whether there are conflicts of interest among the authors and reviewers.

■ Keep the identity information of the referees confidential in the context of blind arbitration.

■ Encourage reviewers to evaluate working in an objective, scientific and objective language.

■ Evaluate the reviewers with criteria such as timely return and performance.

■ Implement policies and practices that increase the performance of the reviewers.

■ Take the necessary steps to dynamically update the referee pool.

■ It should prevent unkind and unscientific evaluations.

■ Take steps to ensure that the referee pool is broad.

■ The errors contained in the work should ensure that judgments with inconsistency or misleading are quickly corrected.

EDITOR AND EDITOR BOARD RELATIONSHIP

Editors should inform the editorial board members about their editorial policies and keep them informed of developments. The new editorial board should educate members on publishing policies and provide the information they need.

In addition, editors;

■ The editorial board should ensure that the members evaluate the work impartially and independently.

■ The new editorial board can contribute and identify appropriate members.

■ The editorial board should send the work appropriate for the expertise of its members for evaluation.

■ Should be in regular interaction with the editorial board.

■ Organize meetings with the editorial board periodically for the development of editorial policies and the journal.

■ Special Issues and file issues are determined by the editorial board.

PLAGIARISM SCREENING

All articles submitted to TJWS are checked by the iThenticate program. Any paper which shows obvious signs of plagiarism will be automatically rejected and its authors may be banned for a duration of 10 years from publishing in Journal. The authors will receive proper notification if such a situation arises.